SKA Working Group 4 Level-1 Science: CO surveys

Surveys for molecular (CO) emission from galaxies at very high redshifts (above ~5).

Additional notes: WG4 Bologna ; WG4 pre-Groningen ; WG4 post-Groningen .

HARD 'NO' for Europe: Fundamental upper frequency limit of antennas
HARD 'NO' for Ozlens: Fundamental upper frequency limit of antennas

SKA Designs (requirements matrix)


Red=All agreed that it fails; Dark Blue=some say it fails; Pink=most say it fails.
Specification Requirement  China  Europe  India  Ozlens  Ozcyli  USA  Canada 
A/Tsys 20000 35000 10500 20000 20000 20000 20000 20000
FOV (deg2) 1 0.005 1 1 3.6 1 (8) 1 1 (FPA)
#beams 1 1 8 1 2 8 (64) 1 350
beam separation 90 150 40x1 1
#subarrays few many many many many many few?
response time 100 <1 60 60 60 60 100
Freq range 5.0-20.0 0.3-6.0 0.15-1.5 0.15-10.0 0.1-5.0 0.10-9.0 0.15-34.0 0.1-22.0
Corr Bandwith 0.2 3.0 2.4 3.2 4
#spectral channels 2x4096 2x4096 2x4096 16384
sampling time short
max baseline 100 300 2000 3000 10000 5000
50% area baseline 30 50 100 4 3 35
Tb sensitivity 1 1 1 0.7 1
#independent IFs 3 4 4 4
Max sep. of IFs 1 full band full band
Spatial DNR 1e+05 1e+06 1e+06 1e+06 1e+06
Spectral DNR 1e+05
Polarization DNR 1e+04 1e+04
#spatial pixels 1e+08 1e+08 5e+10